Window-frame construction



Des;o 3, 1929. H. PURVIS 1,738,203

WINDOW FRAME CONSTRUCTION Filed Deo. 20, 1926 2 Shams-Sheet l Dec. 3, 1929. H, PURWS 1,738,203

WNDOW FRAME CONSTRUCTION substantial nailin Patented Dec. 3.1929 i `UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HAROLD PUB-fus, OF CLINTON, IOWA, ASSIGNOR T O CURTIS COMPANIES, INC., OF CLINTON, IOWA.

"WINDOW-FRAME CONSTRUCTION Application Bled December 20, 1926. Serial No. 155,878. I

The object of my invention is to provide a window frame construction which 1s readily convertible for different building constructions such as drop siding, lap siding, full 5 brick or brick veneer, shingle, stucco or masonry walls and which is simple, durable and comparatively inexpensive to manufacture.

A further object is to provide a. window frame having particular construction features which help exclude air and moisture from the inside of the building in which the frame isset as well as adapt the frame for readyconvertibility with a minimum amount of parts for all the different window frames vrequired for various types of building constructions. l

More particularly it is my object to nrovide means preferably including dadoes or connecting the head j amb and sill of my window frame with the ends of the side jamb, whereby the head jamb and sill extend beyond theside jambs 'and thereby provide the tops and bot- 'toms for sash weight boxes as well as form supports to which the sides of the sash welght boxes, when used, may

" be secured. In this connection, the side jambs being dadoed into the sill will cause any water running down the side jambs to be received by the dadoes in the sill as will also any paint as the frame is being painted whereby a better weather proof joint between sill and side jambs is obtained.;

A further object of my presentinvention is to provide shoulders on the sill to act as stops fora storm sash or ily screen and the lower window sash and to further provide the dadoes in the sill of such depth that their bottomseoincide with the upper surface of that portion of the sill extending outwardly beyond the outermost shoulder whereby any water inthem will run therefrom and over said portion to be discharged on the outside of the building.

A further object is to provide longitudi- `nal dadoes in the side jambs and a rabbet on the inside wall of each sash weight box, the width of the rabbet being greater than the depth of the dado whereby an extension -jamb dado is left between the side jamb and rabbet of the wei ht box so that an extension jambv may be ra beted and fit into said extension j amb dado.

Still a further object is toprovide a rabbet on each side jamb and a dadoed blind stop to fit over said rabbet, the dado in said blind stop being positioned so that a shoulder is left, when my window frame is assembled, for the purpose'of properl positioning thefront wall of the sash weig t box when it is being secured to the ends of the head jamb and sill. i

Still a further object is to provide a dado in the outside casing of the window which fits the rabbet of the side j amb and serves as `a blind stop when my window frame is used for thin wall constructions.

With these and other objects in view, my improved window frame construction consists in the arrangement and combination of` the various parts of my device, whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter more fully set forth, pointed out in my claims, and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:`

. Figure 1 is a perspective view of a window frame construction embodying my invention without the sash weight box attached and with the various elements of the frame proportionally reduced in length to conserve space on the drawing.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of' one end of the sill and illustrates one of the dadoes therein for receiving the lower end of a side j amb and is taken on the lineI 2 2 of Figurel.

Figure 3 is a similar view of one end of the head jamb viewing the under surface to illustrate one of the dadoes therein for receiving the upper end of a side jamb.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of a side jamb'. st Figure 5 is a perspective view of a blind op. i

'Figure 6 is a perspective view of an outside lEigure 7 is a perspective view of three side walls 'of a sash wel ht box, the side jamb itself serving vas .the ourth side.

Figure 48 is an enlarged detail view taken -on the line SM-Slof Figure l. and illustrates a portion of my frame in section as when set in studding wall having sheathing and siding applied to the outside of the studding and plaster on the inside.

Figure 9 is a similar sectional View showingonly siding applied to the outside of the studding and the blind stop omitted, the outside `casing itself serving as a blind stop.

Figure 10 is a similar sectional view showing my window frame set in a brick wall and a sash weight box used in connection with the frame.

Figure 11 is a similar sectional view `showin my frame as used in connection with a fu l masonry wall and illustrating the use of an extension jamb;

Figure 12 isa sectional view taken on the line 12-12 of Figure 11 and shows the head j amb and sill extending beyond the side j amb and illustrates a wall of the sash weight box secured to these projecting ends; and y Figure 13 is a sectional view taken on the line 13-13 of Figure 12 and illustrates the application of theoutsde -head casing and an extension head jamb as used in thick masonry wall construction.

In the accompanying drawings I have used the reference numeral 10 to indicate the sill of my improved window frame construction. The sill 10 is provided with the usual dado 12 for receiving the upper edge of siding or the like used in certain wall constructions.

, The sill 10 is usually sloping and therefore the rabbet 14 is provid The upper surface of the sill 10 is longitudinally rabbeted to form shoulders 16 and 18. The shoulder 16 acts as a stop for the lower rail of a storm sash or aiy screen and the shoulder 18 serves as a stop for the lower "rail of the inner sash of the window. Adjacent each end of the sill 10 is a lateral dado 20. It will be noted by referring to Figure 2 that the bottom of the dado 20 is coincident .with the outer ledge 22 of the sill 10. It is therefore obvious that any water which might get into the dado 2O would drain freely'over the ledge 22 due to the sloping position the sill has when installed in a building. The usual horn 24 is provided on the sill 10 to serve as a water table under the outer side A casing of the window fram'e. The dado 20 is for the purpose of receiving the lower end of a side ja b.

The head jamb illustrated in Figure 3 is provided with the usual parting stop dado 28. -One edge of the head jamb 26 is rabbeted as at`30 and a dado 32 is c ut adjacent the other edge of the head jamb. A dado 34 is formed to 'receive the upper end of la side j amb 36l adj acentthe end of the head jamb.

The side jamb used in my improved window construction is clearly illustrated in Fi ure4 and has a parting stop dado 28, a rabbet 30 and a 'dado 32 the same as the head jamb 26. The-rabbets 30 andthe dadoes 32 are on ed' for the facing strip.

the outer sides and the dadoes 28 on the inner sides of the jambs.V

In the usual types of window frames now in general use the side jambs are dadoed to receive the head jamb and sill. Such a construction calls for side jambs longer than the inside height ofthe window frame and short head jambs and sills. In my construction, the head j amb and sills are longer than the inside width of the window frame while the side jambs are only enough longer than the inside height of the frame to enter the dadoes 20 and 34. This construction allows me to get lumber which is freer from knots than is possible in the usual window frame construction. The reason for this is that it is easier to get short pieces of clear lumber than to get long ones and as I have shortened the usually long elements of the frame and lengthened the usually short ones, my construction results in a substantial saving in lumber.

A further advantage -of dadoing the head jamb and sill instead of the side jamb is that the same width of dado cutter can be used to dado both. In the old construction different dadoes had to be used because the sill was thicker than the head jamb. Both head jamb and sill are dadoed laterally and at right angles across the stock while in the old construction the side jamb had to be dadoed at an angle to lit the sloping sill which required greater care and more expensive machinery.

The side j amb 36 is provided with the usual sash pulleys and weight pockets for gaining access to the sash weights and as this is familiar in the building art it has not been illustrated ornl my drawings.

Furthermore the ends of the head jamb and sill extending beyond the side jambs provide plenty of strength in the wood beyond the dadoes 20 and 34 and these portions are not likely to be cut off as they do not extend into the way as the side jambs do sometimes when the ends of the side jamb extend beyond the head j amb and sill. When the window frame is being painted any paint that runs down the side jambs will enter the dadoes 20 and form a better water proof and weather proof seal between the side jamb and the sill. ny water falling on the side jambs will also run into the groove 20 and drain to the outside of the building by running over the ledge 22 of the sill 10. In the old construction any water running down the side jamb would seep through the dado provided for the sill, past the end of the sill and drop from the lower end of the side j amb thus daxnpening the plaster or rotting the studding.

In the usual window frame construction, the side jambs are dadoed or rabbeted on the ends while in my construction that may merely be sawed square. The lower end of the side jamb is cut at an angle across the surface of the stock to fit the sloping sill. y

Another advantage residmg in the overhangingends of the sill and head j amb is that they provide ends for the sash Weight pockets 68. The parts embodying the constructional details of the sill, head jamb and side jambs so far described, having the advantages outlined are manufactured and sold to the dealer in standard sizes and are used in assembling a window frame for any type of building construction. These parts may be embodied in a completed frame for a Window for frame, brick, or'other buildings. Bycarrying them in stock the dealer reduces the number of lframes necessary to have on hand.

I willk'now explain in greater detail various ways in which these standard parts may be used-with different building structures,

and thus also bring out additional advantages' ci my structure.

In Figure 8 my window frame is illustrat- 26 ed in connection with a frame building having thestuddings 38. In the space 68 between these studdings and the sidejamb 36 the sashweights are free to travel. The overhanging end of the head j'amb covers thisA pocket so that mortar and the like cannot fall down into the sash pocket while the building is under 'construction and thereby clog the pocket. This is a very desirable advani tage.

B0 The blind stop I` use in my window construction is illustrated in Figure 5 and relerred -tfo by the reference numeral 40. It has a longitudinal dado 42 designed to fit over thejamb 36 adjacent to the rabbet 40.

w The lower end of the blind stop 4() is rabbeted toJ form a projecting end 44 to extend into thegdado 2O of the sill 10. The dado 42 of the blind stop is so positioned that when the blind stop iis/assembled on the side jamb,

a rabbet-like shoulder 46 results, the purpose of which will hereinafter be described.

It will be understood of course that the blind stop is also positioned along the top oi the window frame as illustrated in Figure 13 and that the dado 42 thereof its over the rabbet 36 of the head jamb 26. L

The outside casing for vmy ywindow is illustrated in Figure 6 and referred to by the refall erence numeral 48. This casing is provided* with a dado 5() similar to the dado 42 of the blind stop 40, the purpose of which will hereinafter be described.

The sash Weight box which I use in connection xayvith m window frame construction comprises the side walls 52, 54, and 56. The

side wall 54 is' provided with a dado 58 to act as a lgroove for a mortar tongue when my window" frame is used in connection with brick onmasonry walls. The `wall 54 also has a` bevelled rabbetl formed at one edge thereof." The wall 56 oivthe weight box has a rabbet 62 the width of which is greater than the de th of the dado 32 in the side jamb 36.

In igure 8 I have illustrated my' window 65p frame in connection with a wall construction having the sheathing 64 and siding or shingles 66. In this construction the outside casing 48 spans the distance between the blind stop 40 and the sheathing 64 and forms one wall for the sash weight cavity 68. The inside casing is indicated at andthe inside stop at 72.

When a thinner Wall construction is desired such as one having only the siding and not the sheathing, the blind stop 40 can be dispensed with and only the" casing 48 used. This construction isv illustrated in Figure 9 and the dado 50 of the casing 48 fits over the rabbet 30 in the side jamb 36. The portion of the casing '48' which extends beyond the dado 50 serves as a blind stop when the parts are used in this arrangement.

When it is desired to use a sash weight box A in connection with the window frame as when the frame is installed in a brick or masonry wall the shoulder 46 acts as an aligning device for the wall 52 of the box. The rabbet 62 of the wall 56 lits into the dado 32 in the side jamb 36. All three of the Walls 52, 54, and 56 are nailed to the ends of the head jamb and sill which extend beyond the side jambs. This is clearly illustrated in Figure 12 of the drawings, the nails being indicated at 74. The bricks in a Wall are indicated at 77 and are cemented together by mortar 79 which enters the dado 58 for positioning the window Jframe. In a brick wall construction molding 76 is used to replace the outside casing. It isobvious that the molding 76 may be varied to a certain degree or maybe used in connect-ion with an outside casing as illustrated in Figurell of the drawings. 4

In Figure 1l, I have illustrated an extension amb 78 having a rabbet 80 to fit into the dado formed by the wall 56 of the sash weight box and the side jamb 36 when the rabbet 62 of the wall 56 isl assembled in the dado 32 of the side jamb 36. ,The dado just referred to provides a convenient yway o aligning an extension janb with relation to the window frame and is desirable in thick masonry walls. If however, the extension jamb is not needed the wall '82 may terminatev at the dotted line 84 and a casing 86 may be used. In Figure 13 I have illustrated an extension head amb 88 fitting into a dado formed by using one wall of the weightbox. -The wall referred to isA the Wall 56 which has the rabbet 62 for fitting into'the dado 32 of the head jamb 26. In thick masonry walls .an extension stool 9.0 may also be `provided which lits .into the yrabbet 14 of the sill 10. l

` When my window frame is'used in connection'with` masonry Vor brick walls, the dado 12 serves as a groove for a mortar tongue 92. From the foregoing it will be obvious that I have provided a' readily convertible window frame adapted for various Wall constructions. The Aframe can be used without or With the sash weight box whereby it can be used in frame houses'with siding, shingles, stucco les said dado being so positioned stop is offset relative to the edge of said side groove whereb or brick veneer outer surfaces or in full brick or. masonry walls. The outside casing 48 provides for coaction with the side jambs without using a blind stop whereby thin wall construction may be accommodated.

A convenient dado for an extension jamb in thick masonry wall construction is rovided when a sash weight box is assembled with the window frame. Also an improvement -in joints is accomplished between the jambs and the sill whereby the frame is rendered more impervious to air and moisture infiltration.

Some changes may be made in the construction and arrangement of the various parts of my invention, without departing from the real spirit and purpose n'of my invention and it is my intention to cover by my claims, any modified forms of structure or use of mechanical equivalents, which may be reasonably included within their scope.

I claim as my invention:

1. A window frame construction comprising a sill, side jambs and a head jamb, sash weight boxes for said frame, each comprising a bottom, top and sides, the side j amb being one side of the box and having a vertical groove, one of the remaining sides of the box having a rabbeted edge for engaging in said vertical groove of the side jamb, the rabbetbeing wider than the depth of said vertical a groove is provided between the side Jamb and the rabbeted side of the box.

. 2. A Window frame construction comprisi lng a s1ll, side jambs and a head jamb, sash weight boxes for said frame, the side jamb being one side of the box and having a vertical groove, i said box having a vertical rabbet for coacting with said vertical groove of the side jamb, said rabbet being wider than the depth of said vertical groove whereby a groove is provided between the side jamb and the shoulder of the rabbeted side 'of the box which is formed by said tongue. l 3. A wmdow frame construction compris- .ing a sill, a head jamb and side jambs, the outer edge of each side j amb being vertically A 5o rabbeted, a blind stop having allongitudinal dado to fit over the rabbet of the side jamb, that the blind jamb and a sash weight box aligning shoulder is left, an outside casing for said window frame, a vertical dado therein for fitting over the rabbet of said side jamb whereby one edge of the casing serves as a blind stop whenthe blind stop is dispensed with for forming a thinner window frame.

4. InL a window frame construction, a side jam having a longitudinal groove, a sash weight box having the edge of one of its sides rabbeted to lit said groove, the width of said rabbet being greater than the depth of said one of the remaining. sides of groove whereby when the rabbet of the box side is positioned in said groove, an extension jamb groove results for receivin the tongue of an extension j amb, one edge o said side j amb being rabbeted, a bling stop having a dado for engagin the rabbet of the side jamb, said dado being positioned so that a shoulder is left when the blind stop is applied to the side jamb for properly aligning another side of the weight box.

5. A window frame construction comprising a side jamb having a longitudinal dado, a sash wei ht box having the edge of one of its sides ra beted to fit said dado, the width of said rabbet bein greater than the depth of said dado where y a groove results when the rabbet of the box side is positioned in` said dado said resulting groove being for the purpose of receiving a rabbet of an extension jamb.

6. In a window frame construction, a side j amb having a vertical-grooveformed therein for receiving an extension of the outside wall of the building in which the frame is assembled whereby a bet-ter wind tight joint results.

7. In a Window frame construction, a side jam vertically rabbeted, a blind stop having a longitudinal groove to receive the tongue formed alongside the rabbet in the j amb, Said groove being so positioned that one ledge of the blind stop projects beyond one side of the Ajamb and the other edge of the blind stop terminates short of the other edge of the jamb.

Des Moines, Iowa, Nov. 26, 1926.

HAROLD PURVIS; 

